In 2021, a powerful outburst from the Sun was detected simultaneously on Earth, the Moon, and Mars, providing valuable information about solar activity and its potential impact on space exploration. While the Sun regularly emits radiation and coronal mass ejections, which are not usually concerning for Earth due to its protective atmosphere, they pose risks to astronauts in space. Understanding the power and reach of coronal mass ejections is particularly important for future crewed missions to the Moon and Mars, which lack sufficient atmospheric protection. On October 28, 2021, an unusually powerful coronal mass ejection was detected on Earth's surface, and it was also observed by various instruments on Mars and the Moon, despite their significant distances from each other and the Sun. This rare event allowed scientists to study the propagation of material from the coronal mass ejection and its effects in the inner Solar System. The measurements indicated that the radiation doses on Earth, the Moon, and Mars were within safe limits, but understanding such events is crucial for future missions. Fortunately, there is usually some advance warning before the arrival of coronal mass ejections, allowing preparations to be made. This research provides valuable insights for the protection of space explorers during solar storms and future manned missions.
Mon, 07 Aug 2023 05:02:11 GMT | ScienceAlert